In federal countries, power is shared between a government for the whole country – which is sometimes called federal government, national government or Union government – and governments for federal units within this country. Federal units are also often called provinces, states or cantons. Federalism means the constitution divides power between at least two levels or orders of government.Both orders have a direct electoral relationship with their citizens. In some federal countries, people also elect their local government, which may also be constitutionally recognized.
The federal government is responsible for common purposes for the whole country such as national defence, currency and foreign relations. The states or provinces are empowered to act within their areas of responsibility as it is described in the constitution. The federal government cannot arbitrarily take away the power of the federal units.
Watch this Forum of Federations animated video called, “What is Federalism?” to get a basic understanding of Federalism.
Click the blue button below to learn more about Federalism including which countries are federal and benefits of federalism
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Thematic Programs concern the development and mobilization of knowledge on federal and multilevel governance systems.
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On November 5, 2025, the Forum25 conference was inaugurated with remarks from Rupak Chattopadhyay, President & CEO of the Forum of Federations, and Hans Altherr, Chairman of the Board of Directors.
We were honoured to receive a special message from the Right Honourable Prime Minister Mark Carney, graciously presented by Marie-France Lalonde MP and Anita Vandenbeld MP to Vice-Chair of the Board, Salma Siddiqui.
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The Forum of Federations, with support from the Government of Canada, is preparing the pilot edition of the Women’s Leadership and Governance Program, taking place in Tunis, Tunisia — February 10 to 12, 2026.
As we bring together women leaders from across 10 countries, we are looking for experienced and passionate experts to join us in delivering high-impact training sessions.
We are currently recruiting for the following consultancy roles:
🔹 World Café Facilitator – Policymaking & Governance Dialogue
🔹 Expert Trainer – Harness Existing Opportunities
🔹 Expert Trainer – Strategic Networking & Coalition Building
Each trainer will design and deliver a one-day session and contribute to building practical, inclusive, and transformative leadership tools for participants.
Bilingual delivery in French & English is required; Arabic is considered an asset.
📅 Deadline to apply: December 1, 2025
📧 Submit your CV, sample methodology if available, and references to: menagender@forumfed.org
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